1- KEY WORDS:
-WELFARE STATE: is a concept of government where the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens. It is based on the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal provisions for a good life. The general term may cover a variety of forms of economic and social organization.
-TRADE: is the voluntary exchange of goods, services, or both. Trade is also called commerce or transaction. A mechanism that allows trade is called a market. The original form of trade was barter, the direct exchange of goods and services. Later one side of the barter were the metals, precious metals (poles, coins), bill, paper money. Modern traders instead generally negotiate through a medium of exchange, such as money. As a result, buying can be separated from selling, or earning. The invention of money (and later credit, paper money and non-physical money) greatly simplified and promoted trade. Trade between two traders is called bilateral trade, while trade between more than two traders is called multilateral trade.
-INSURANCE: in law and economics, is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risk of a contingent, uncertain loss. Insurance is defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one entity to another, in exchange for payment. An insurer is a company selling the insurance; an insured or policyholder is the person or entity buying the insurance policy. The insurance rate is a factor used to determine the amount to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage, called the premium.
-HEALTH SERVICES : is the name commonly used to refer to the four single-payer publicly funded healthcare systems in the United Kingdom, collectively or individually, although only the health service in England uses the name 'National Health Service' without further qualification.
-HOUSEHOLD CONSUMPTION: is a transaction of the national account's use of income account representingconsumer spending. It consists of the expenditure incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant. It also includes various kinds of imputed expenditure of which the imputed rent for services of owner-occupied housing (imputed rents) is generally the most important one. The household sector covers not only those living in traditional households, but also those people living in communal establishments, such as retirement homes, boarding houses and prisons.
-INTEREST RATE: is the price a borrower pays for the use of money they borrow from a lender, for instance a small company might borrow capital from a bank to buy new assets for their business, and the return a lender receives for deferring the use of funds, by lending it to the borrower. Interests rates are fundamental to acapitalist society. Interest rates are normally expressed as a percentage rate over the period of one year.
-TERTIARISATION: is an economic and social transformation that affects the more developed countries. Not only is the population employed in the tertiary sector (services) is larger than the secondary sector (industry), but the way to work in this area extends to all other.
-MOTORWAY: is a dual carriageway limited access highway with grade separated junctions designed and built solely for motorised traffic.
-PIPELINE: is the transport of goods through a pipe. In general, liquids and gases are sent, but pneumatic tubes transport 3The solid compressed air capsules have also been used. As for gases and liquids, any chemically stable substance can be sent through a pipe, so the sewage sludge, water, beer and existing pipelines, but certainly the most valuable are those which transport fuels: oil (pipeline), natural gas (mains gas) and biofuels.
-FREIGHT: is goods or produce transported, generally for commercial gain, by ship, aircraft,train, van or truck. In modern times, containers are used in most intermodal long-haul cargotransport.
-GATT-WTO: is an international organization designed by its founders to supervise and liberalize international trade. The organization officially commenced on January 1, 1995 under the Marrakech Agreement, replacing the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), which commenced in 1947.
-LEISURE: is a period of time spent out of work and essential domestic activity. It is also the period of recreational and discretionary time before or after compulsory activities such as eatingand sleeping, going to work or running a business, attending school and doing homework, household chores, and day-to-day stress. The distinction between leisure and compulsory activities is loosely applied, i.e. people sometimes do work-oriented tasks for pleasure as well as for long-term utility.
-SPA: is associated with water treatment which is also known as balneotherapy. Spa townsor spa resorts (including hot springs resorts) typically offer thermal or mineral water for drinking and bathing. They also offer various health treatments. The belief in the curative powers of mineral waters goes back to prehistoric times. Such practices have been popular worldwide, but are especially widespread in Europe and Japan. Day spas are also quite popular, and offer various personal care treatments.
-RESORT: is a place used for relaxation or recreation, attracting visitors for holidays or vacations. Resorts are places, towns or sometimes commercial establishment operated by a single company. Such a self-contained resort attempts to provide for most of a vacationer's wants while remaining on the premises, such as food, drink, lodging, sports, entertainment, andshopping. The term "resort" sometimes is misused to identify a hotel that does not provide the other amenities required of a full resort. However, a hotel is frequently a central feature of a resort, such as the Grand Hotel at Mackinac Island, Michigan. A resort is not merely a commercial establishment operated by a single company, although in the late twentieth century this sort of facility became more common.
-ENVIRONMENT: The biophysical environment is the symbiosis between the physical and biological life forms in the environment, includes all the variables that make up the Earth's biosphere. The biophysical environment can be divided into two categories: the natural and built environment. Following the industrial revolution, the built environment has become an increasingly important part of Earth's environment.
